

Much is still to be learned, and the critical reader is asked to carefully examine the data on cognitive deficits in soccer players. In this brief review, we will examine the available data on head injuries in soccer and their mechanisms and consequences. 2 The US Consumer Product Safety Commission met in May 2000 to discuss head injuries and protective equipment.įrom attempted heading of the ball to falls, soccer provides many opportunities for head contact with the ball, ground, opponent, goalposts, and off-the-field objects. Also, the use of helmets in soccer has been debated. The recent death of Algeria's top scorer, Hocine Gacemi, from complications of a skull fracture after he “crashed head first into the ground after a clash of heads,” 1 along with parental questions on the safety of heading have brought this skill to the attention of the media. Obviously, this skill places the head in a vulnerable position for injury. Soccer is unique among sports because of the purposeful use of the unprotected head to control and advance the ball. The international governing body, Federation Internationale du Football, was founded in 1904 and today has more member nations than the United Nations. The Football Association of England was founded in 1863 and further defined the rules of the game. Although various versions of games that used a ball propelled by the feet emerged throughout the centuries, the first set of formal rules was set down by Cambridge University in 1848.

References to “kick ball” can be found as far back as 200 bc in China and around 4 bc in Greece.
